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Compare Virgin Islands (2004) - Arctic Ocean (2002)

Compare Virgin Islands (2004) z Arctic Ocean (2002)

 Virgin Islands (2004)Arctic Ocean (2002)
 Virgin IslandsArctic Ocean
Administrative divisions none (territory of the US); there are no first-order administrative divisions as defined by the US Government, but there are three islands at the second order; Saint Croix, Saint John, Saint Thomas -
Age structure 0-14 years: 23.8% (male 13,116; female 12,770)


15-64 years: 66% (male 33,944; female 37,870)


65 years and over: 10.2% (male 4,855; female 6,220) (2004 est.)		 -
Agriculture - products fruit, vegetables, sorghum; Senepol cattle -
Airports 2 (2003 est.) -
Airports - with paved runways total: 2


1,524 to 2,437 m: 2 (2004 est.)		 -
Area total: 352 sq km


land: 349 sq km


water: 3 sq km		 total: 14.056 million sq km


note: includes Baffin Bay, Barents Sea, Beaufort Sea, Chukchi Sea, East Siberian Sea, Greenland Sea, Hudson Bay, Hudson Strait, Kara Sea, Laptev Sea, Northwest Passage, and other tributary water bodies
Area - comparative twice the size of Washington, DC slightly less than 1.5 times the size of the US
Background During the 17th century, the archipelago was divided into two territorial units, one English and the other Danish. Sugarcane, produced by slave labor, drove the islands' economy during the 18th and early 19th centuries. In 1917, the US purchased the Danish portion, which had been in economic decline since the abolition of slavery in 1848. The Arctic Ocean is the smallest of the world's five oceans (after the Pacific Ocean, Atlantic Ocean, Indian Ocean, and the recently delimited Southern Ocean). The Northwest Passage (US and Canada) and Northern Sea Route (Norway and Russia) are two important seasonal waterways. A sparse network of air, ocean, river, and land routes circumscribes the Arctic Ocean.
Birth rate 14.49 births/1,000 population (2004 est.) -
Budget revenues: $560


expenditures: NA (2003)		 -
Capital Charlotte Amalie -
Climate subtropical, tempered by easterly trade winds, relatively low humidity, little seasonal temperature variation; rainy season May to November polar climate characterized by persistent cold and relatively narrow annual temperature ranges; winters characterized by continuous darkness, cold and stable weather conditions, and clear skies; summers characterized by continuous daylight, damp and foggy weather, and weak cyclones with rain or snow
Coastline 188 km 45,389 km
Constitution Revised Organic Act of 22 July 1954 -
Country name conventional long form: United States Virgin Islands


conventional short form: Virgin Islands


former: Danish West Indies		 -
Currency US dollar (USD) -
Death rate 6.1 deaths/1,000 population (2004 est.) -
Debt - external NA -
Dependency status organized, unincorporated territory of the US with policy relations between the Virgin Islands and the US under the jurisdiction of the Office of Insular Affairs, US Department of the Interior -
Diplomatic representation from the US none (territory of the US) -
Diplomatic representation in the US none (territory of the US) -
Disputes - international none some maritime disputes (see littoral states); Russia is the first state to submit data to the UN Commission on the Limits of the Continental Shelf to extend its continental shelf by claiming two undersea ridges in the Arctic Ocean
Economic aid - recipient NA -
Economy - overview Tourism is the primary economic activity, accounting for 80% of GDP and employment. The islands normally host 2 million visitors a year. The manufacturing sector consists of petroleum refining, textiles, electronics, pharmaceuticals, and watch assembly. The agricultural sector is small, with most food being imported. International business and financial services are a small but growing component of the economy. One of the world's largest petroleum refineries is at Saint Croix. The islands are subject to substantial damage from storms. The government is working to improve fiscal discipline, to support construction projects in the private sector, to expand tourist facilities, to reduce crime, and to protect the environment. Economic activity is limited to the exploitation of natural resources, including petroleum, natural gas, fish, and seals.
Electricity - consumption 957.9 million kWh (2001) -
Electricity - exports 0 kWh (2001) -
Electricity - imports 0 kWh (2001) -
Electricity - production 1.03 billion kWh (2001) -
Elevation extremes lowest point: Caribbean Sea 0 m


highest point: Crown Mountain 474 m		 lowest point: Fram Basin -4,665 m


highest point: sea level 0 m
Environment - current issues lack of natural freshwater resources endangered marine species include walruses and whales; fragile ecosystem slow to change and slow to recover from disruptions or damage; thinning polar icepack
Ethnic groups black 78%, white 10%, other 12%


note: West Indian 81% (49% born in the Virgin Islands and 32% born elsewhere in the West Indies), US mainland 13%, Puerto Rican 4%, other 2%		 -
Exchange rates the US dollar is used -
Executive branch chief of state: President George W. BUSH of the US (since 20 January 2001)


head of government: Governor Dr. Charles Wesley TURNBULL (since 5 January 1999)


cabinet: NA


elections: US president and vice president elected on the same ticket for four-year terms; governor and lieutenant governor elected on the same ticket by popular vote for four-year terms; election last held 5 November 2002 (next to be held NA November 2006)


election results: Dr. Charles Wesley TURNBULL reelected governor; percent of vote - Dr. Charles Wesley TURNBULL (Democrat) 50.5%, John de JONGH 24.4%		 -
Exports NA (2001) -
Exports - commodities refined petroleum products -
Exports - partners US, Puerto Rico -
Fiscal year 1 October - 30 September -
Flag description white, with a modified US coat of arms in the center between the large blue initials V and I; the coat of arms shows a yellow eagle holding an olive branch in one talon and three arrows in the other with a superimposed shield of vertical red and white stripes below a blue panel -
GDP purchasing power parity - $2.5 billion (2002 est.) -
GDP - composition by sector agriculture: 1%


industry: 19%


services: 80% (2003 est.)		 -
GDP - per capita purchasing power parity - $17,200 (2002 est.) -
GDP - real growth rate 2% (2002 est.) -
Geographic coordinates 18 20 N, 64 50 W 90 00 N, 0 00 E
Geography - note important location along the Anegada Passage - a key shipping lane for the Panama Canal; Saint Thomas has one of the best natural deepwater harbors in the Caribbean major chokepoint is the southern Chukchi Sea (northern access to the Pacific Ocean via the Bering Strait); strategic location between North America and Russia; shortest marine link between the extremes of eastern and western Russia; floating research stations operated by the US and Russia; maximum snow cover in March or April about 20 to 50 centimeters over the frozen ocean; snow cover lasts about 10 months
Highways total: 856 km


paved: NA km


unpaved: NA km


note: the only US possession where driving on the left side of the road is practiced (2000)		 -
Household income or consumption by percentage share lowest 10%: NA


highest 10%: NA		 -
Imports NA (2001) -
Imports - commodities crude oil, foodstuffs, consumer goods, building materials -
Imports - partners US, Puerto Rico -
Industrial production growth rate NA -
Industries tourism, petroleum refining, watch assembly, rum distilling, construction, pharmaceuticals, textiles, electronics -
Infant mortality rate total: 8.21 deaths/1,000 live births


male: 9.31 deaths/1,000 live births


female: 7.04 deaths/1,000 live births (2004 est.)		 -
Inflation rate (consumer prices) 2.2% (2003) -
International organization participation Interpol (subbureau), IOC, UPU -
Irrigated land NA sq km -
Judicial branch US District Court of the Virgin Islands (under Third Circuit jurisdiction); Territorial Court (judges appointed by the governor for 10-year terms) -
Labor force 48,900 (2003 est.) -
Labor force - by occupation agriculture 1%, industry 19%, services 80% (2003 est.) -
Land boundaries 0 km -
Land use arable land: 11.76%


permanent crops: 2.94%


other: 85.29% (2001)		 -
Languages English (official), Spanish, Creole -
Legal system based on US laws -
Legislative branch unicameral Senate (15 seats; members are elected by popular vote to serve two-year terms)


elections: last held 6 November 2002 (next to be held 2 November 2004)


election results: percent of vote by party - NA; seats by party - Democratic Party 10, ICM 2, independent 3


note: the Virgin Islands elects one non-voting representative to the US House of Representatives; election last held 6 November 2002 (next to be held 2 November 2004); results - Donna M. CHRISTIAN-CHRISTENSON (Democrat) reelected		 -
Life expectancy at birth total population: 78.75 years


male: 74.91 years


female: 82.82 years (2004 est.)		 -
Literacy definition: NA


total population: NA


male: NA


female: NA		 -
Location Caribbean, islands between the Caribbean Sea and the North Atlantic Ocean, east of Puerto Rico body of water between Europe, Asia, and North America, mostly north of the Arctic Circle
Map references Central America and the Caribbean Arctic Region
Maritime claims territorial sea: 12 nm


exclusive economic zone: 200 nm		 -
Merchant marine none -
Military - note defense is the responsibility of the US -
National holiday Transfer Day (from Denmark to the US), 27 March (1917) -
Nationality noun: Virgin Islander(s)


adjective: Virgin Islander		 -
Natural hazards several hurricanes in recent years; frequent and severe droughts and floods; occasional earthquakes ice islands occasionally break away from northern Ellesmere Island; icebergs calved from glaciers in western Greenland and extreme northeastern Canada; permafrost in islands; virtually ice locked from October to June; ships subject to superstructure icing from October to May
Natural resources sun, sand, sea, surf sand and gravel aggregates, placer deposits, polymetallic nodules, oil and gas fields, fish, marine mammals (seals and whales)
Net migration rate -8.94 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2004 est.) -
Political parties and leaders Democratic Party [Arturo WATLINGTON]; Independent Citizens' Movement or ICM [Usie RICHARDS]; Republican Party [Gary SPRAUVE] -
Political pressure groups and leaders NA -
Population 108,775 (July 2004 est.) -
Population below poverty line NA -
Population growth rate -0.05% (2004 est.) -
Ports and harbors Charlotte Amalie, Christiansted, Cruz Bay, Port Alucroix Churchill (Canada), Murmansk (Russia), Prudhoe Bay (US)
Radio broadcast stations AM 5, FM 11, shortwave 0 (2002) -
Religions Baptist 42%, Roman Catholic 34%, Episcopalian 17%, other 7% -
Sex ratio at birth: 1.06 male(s)/female


under 15 years: 1.03 male(s)/female


15-64 years: 0.9 male(s)/female


65 years and over: 0.78 male(s)/female


total population: 0.91 male(s)/female (2004 est.)		 -
Suffrage 18 years of age; universal; note - island residents are US citizens but do not vote in US presidential elections -
Telephone system general assessment: NA


domestic: modern system with total digital switching, uses fiber-optic cable and microwave radio relay


international: country code - 1-340; submarine cable and satellite communications; satellite earth stations - NA		 -
Telephones - main lines in use 69,400 (2002) -
Telephones - mobile cellular 41,000 (2002) -
Television broadcast stations 2 (2002) -
Terrain mostly hilly to rugged and mountainous with little level land central surface covered by a perennial drifting polar icepack that averages about 3 meters in thickness, although pressure ridges may be three times that size; clockwise drift pattern in the Beaufort Gyral Stream, but nearly straight-line movement from the New Siberian Islands (Russia) to Denmark Strait (between Greenland and Iceland); the icepack is surrounded by open seas during the summer, but more than doubles in size during the winter and extends to the encircling landmasses; the ocean floor is about 50% continental shelf (highest percentage of any ocean) with the remainder a central basin interrupted by three submarine ridges (Alpha Cordillera, Nansen Cordillera, and Lomonosov Ridge)
Total fertility rate 2.21 children born/woman (2004 est.) -
Transportation - note - sparse network of air, ocean, river, and land routes; the Northwest Passage (North America) and Northern Sea Route (Eurasia) are important seasonal waterways
Unemployment rate 9.3% (2003 est.) -
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